Letter Fountain readings

Small capitals are the small version of capital letters, these are not the same as reduced capitals. They are specially designed small capitals, they are slightly bigger than the x height of lower case. Small caps provide a more balanced appearance when the normal capitals can be very busy. Ligatures are combos of characters designed to fix the over hang on certain letters by binding it tightly. Diphthongs mainly convey that the word has a special pronunciation. Logotypes are less visible combinations of characters such as the & symbol. The difference between scripts and graphics has caused confusion over the years.The word Scripts is derived from the German tern Schreib sehritten, which means writing types, elegant hand writing to metal digital typefaces. The meaning of the German world for graphics comes from a different meaning, graphics are typefaces that have characteristics of several kinds of hand lettering. Grapics and scripts have a different design process which sets them apart also.  The influences of punk and graffiti on the world started in the seventies, the years where young people were developing their own form of communication. The illegal form of communication where people sprayed on walls to show this secret language. The graffiti was a source of inspiration to the artistic movement and a new ideal in the world of graphic design. The graphic designing world is changing rapidly, while the world of typography sticks with the old tradition. Bitstream was the first digital type company. The new techniques for letter production required a great deal of adaptation but also and understanding of the basic design of typefaces. The old way of typesetting with a phototypesetter was very expensive and difficult. The Mac computer didn't come out till 1984, but even then not everyone could afford one. Emigre font designed by Rudy Vanderlans, was made for the dot matrix printer. Fontshop was created in 1990 by erik and Joan Spiekerman. Fontshop spent years collecting fonts and now has several thousand typefaces. Linotype is a company which is home to a great tradition in the world of type designing. Linotype has a famous collection of fonts in their collection. Over all we learned about the progress the type design has taken over the years and will continue to make.